无外网情况下RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

RPM方式安装MySQL5.6
a. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

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[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

b. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：这里给出我下载好的包，官网下载巨慢。。有可能还需要一个perl库的依赖，这里一并给出。链接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1skFrEK9 密码: apza

[root@localhost rpm]# ll
total 74364
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

c. 安装MySQL(如有必要需要安装perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6_7.1.x86_64)

[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#修改配置文件位置
[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

d. 在my.cnf文件中的[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/var

e. 初始化MySQL及设置密码

[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码,若无此文件可以直接使用无密码登录，若无密码登录失败，则需要在my.cnf文件中加入skip-grant-tables，并重启mysql服务
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456
mysql> exit
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

f. 允许远程登陆

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                  | user | password                                  |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit

g. 设置开机自启动

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[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

h.MySQL的默认安装位置

/var/lib/mysql/               #数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录
/usr/bin                     #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本

i.修改字符集和数据存储路径
配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

[client]
password        = 123456
port            = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)
lower_case_table_names=1
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

j. 查看字符集

1 2	show variables like '%collation%'; show variables like '%char%';